A Guide to Lexical Verbs

In English grammar, a lexical verb  is the  main verb  in a sentence. Lexical verbs—also called full verbs—convey the  semantic (or lexical) meaning  in a sentence, such as I ran fast or I ate the entire hamburger. Not surprisingly, the great majority of verbs in English are lexical verbs, which are those that are not auxiliary  (or  helping)  verbs. Lexical vs. Auxiliary Verbs Lexical verbs are the doing verbs, while auxiliary verbs are their helpers, as  eNotes  explains: Lexical verbs indicate the main action taking place in any sentence and therefore the intention of the sentence becomes clear; whereas, auxiliary verbs have a more subtle function because they often complete a sentence without the reader being aware how they contribute to [its] structure. An auxiliary verb determines the  mood,  tense,  voice,  or  aspect  of another verb in a verb phrase. Put another way, a  helping verb comes before the  main (lexical) verb in a  sentence. Together, they form a  verb phrase. In English, the auxiliary verbs are: Is, am, are, was, wereBe, being, beenHas,  have,  hadDo, does, didWill, shall, should, wouldCan, couldMay, might, must Lexical verbs constitute all the rest. Lexical verbs can be grouped according to four types:  transitive and intransitive,  linking,  dynamic  and  static (or stative),  as well as  regular  and  irregular. Transitive and Intransitive A  transitive lexical verb expresses action and needs a direct object to receive that action, notes Dictionary.com, which gives the sentence  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Alice  sees  the candle† as an example. In the sentence, sees  is the lexical verb and is transitive, while  the candle  is the direct object because it receives the action of the lexical verb sees. Intransitive verbs, by contrast,  express action but don’t affect a direct object. For example, if you say â€Å"Alice  dances,† the word  dances  is the lexical verb, but it is intransitive because it doesn’t require a direct object. Linking Verbs A linking verb is an important lexical verb  (such as a form of  be  or  seem) that joins the  subject  of a sentence to a word or phrase that  tells something about the subject. For example,  is  functions as a linking verb in the sentence The boss  is  unhappy. Note that  to be  verbs such as is can also serve as auxiliary verbs depending on how the sentence is constructed. In the sentence, Alice  is helping  Victor with his homework, is  serves as the auxiliary verb because it helps the lexical verb  helping.   Dynamic and Static A  dynamic verb—also called an action verb—is used primarily to indicate an action, process, or sensation. An example of dynamic verbs in action is this saying uttered by Hall of Fame baseball player Willie Mays in describing the game: They  throw  the ball, I  hit  it. They  hit  the ball, I  catch  it. By contrast, a static (or stative) verb  is  used primarily to describe a state or situation.  An example would be,  We  are  what we  believe  we  are.  Note that as in the linking verbs section, the  to be  verb—in this case,  are—can be a lexical verb, describing a state of being. Regular and Irregular A regular  verb is one that forms its tenses, especially the  past tense  and  past participle, by adding one in the set of generally accepted standardized suffixes. Regular verbs are conjugated by adding either -d, -ed, -ing, or -s to their  base form. An  irregular  verb, meanwhile, does not follow the usual  rules  for verb forms. In the sentence, â€Å"She  looks  in the mirror,† the main verb  looks  is a regular verb, Dictionary.com explains, adding that the past tense of look is looked. So in the past tense, the sentence would read, She looked  in the mirror. In comparison, an example of irregular verbs in a sentence would be: The bridge they  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹built brought traffic in both directions. The present tense of the first verb in the sentence is build, but in the past tense, it is  built. Similarly, the present tense of the second verb would be  bring,  but in the past tense  as used in the sentence, its  brought. Hard-Working Verbs Clearly, lexical verbs do much of the heavy lifting in English. They provide the action (intransitive and dynamic verbs), explain what is happening to various direct objects (transitive verbs), and describe states of being (static) among their many duties. Learn the lexical verbs in English and you will master the very heart of what it means to speak and write the language  correctly, effectively, and in an engaging manner

Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation in College Students

Let’s take a closer look at how motivation ties in with these intrinsic and extrinsic theories for motivation. It is clear that motivation is one of the most prominent driving forces by which humans pursue and ultimately achieve their goals. Motivation, quite simply, is rooted in the human instinct to minimize pain and maximize pleasure. The characteristics of such a basic theory would usually be about as clear cut as they come. However, motivation relies heavily on one’s personal psychology as well as specific situations. As noted before in the survey, it also has two very distinct and different sides to it, those being intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation. Intrinsic motivation is defined as a type of motivation that is†¦show more content†¦Identifying the learning style gives insight into what type of motivation will provide the best response, and well as show what areas the person needs to work on to better their performance and motivation as a whol e. Although intrinsic motivation is generally preferred, more responsive, and healthier, they are both effective and perhaps even necessary to the success of college students. Understanding learning styles is one good way to help generate motivation in students, but it is only the beginning when it comes to combatting the all too common problem ofShow MoreRelatedThe Self-Determination Theory by Edward Deci and Richard Ryan1720 Words   |  7 PagesThe motivation of different individuals can vary for many reasons, two of those reasons can be internal and external factors. The internal factors are referred to as intrinsic motivators and the external factors are signified as extrinsic motivators. The Self-Determination Theory developed by Edward Deci and Richard Ryan is constructed on the basis of three distinctive psychological essentials, which include competence, relatedness, and autonomy (self-determination) (Moneta, 2004, p. 181). In orderRead MoreIntrinsic vs Extrinsic Motivatio n Essay992 Words   |  4 Pages1 Intrinsic Motivation verses Extrinsic Motivation Jakarla Watts Foundation of Online Learning American Public University Sharie Adamson Read MoreMotivation : Motivation For College Students1688 Words   |  7 PagesMotivation for College Students Isaiah Hernandez Estrella Mountain Community College Psychology 101 March 10th, 2017 Motivation for College Students Introduction Motivation is defined as the process that initiates, guides, and maintains goal-oriented behaviors. Motivation is what causes us to act, whether it is getting a glass of water to reduce thirst or reading a book to gain knowledge. (Cherry, 2016) Motivation plays the role in everyday lives. Ones motivation to do something differs fromRead MoreIntrinsic vs Extrinsic Motivation Styles Essay683 Words   |  3 Pages2 Motivation: Intrinsic vs. Extrinsic Abstract Motivation is an inner drive or state that stimulates the individual in a particular direction or keeps them engaged in a certain activity. Motivation determines whether the person continues with the task at hand or not. There are two types of motivation; intrinsic and extrinsic. Intrinsically motivated individuals hold learning various types of course information in high regard without receiving any reward or reinforcement. In contrast, extrinsicallyRead MoreThe Importance Of Motivation In Education1287 Words   |  6 Pages Motivation and rewards are very important concepts in an effective educational system. Motivation is the driving force a person has to carry out activities and behaviors. Meanwhile, rewards are the benefits that a person receives or hopes to receive in completing the action or behavior thus providing motivation. This is why rewards are often implemented in education in order to motivate students to learn. However, not all rewards are the same as they can be separated into two different categories:Read MoreThe Intrinsic Rewards of a Job and beign a Student.1678 Words   |  7 PagesWhat is intrinsic reward? Intrinsic rewards are psychological rewards that we get from doing meaningful work and performing it well whether in studies or job. It’s actually a type of motivation. There also extrinsic reward. Extrinsic rewards usually financial and tangible. This reward given by manager to employee such as pay raises bonuses and other benefits. It been called â€Å"extrinsic rewa rd† because it was external to the work itself and other people control their size whether or not they are grantedRead MoreStudent Engagement And Motivation For A Diverse Group Of Learners1087 Words   |  5 Pagesgroup of learners comes with the territory of being a classroom teacher. The students that attend Stafford Middle School are no different. I chose to complete my research on the topic of student engagement and motivation for a variety of reasons. Stafford Middle School, where I teach, underwent a massive transformation this school year from housing only six-hundred students to now housing twelve hundred. These students were pulled from their schools in the middle of middle school to be transferredRead MoreGood Health Requires Physical Activity648 Words   |  3 Pagesworks your muscles and requires more energy than resting (The National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute [NHLBT], 2014). Provided with such benefits it would be expected that engagement and maintenance o f PA among college students would be higher. However, reality is, only 38 % of college students participate in regular vigorous activity, and only 20 % participate in regular moderate activity (Douglas, Collins, Warren, Kann, Gold, Clayton Kolbe, 1997). Because of the importance of PA to a person’s well-beingRead MoreWhy Students Should Not Be Politicized Classrooms Essay1700 Words   |  7 Pagesfor this phenomenon is a lack of motivation on the part of the students, and while motivation is not synonymous with performance, it can be a relatively accurate predictor of academic achievements (Maclellan, 2008). This lack of motivation that seems to be plaguing classrooms is a serious issue that must be addressed by all educators, because an unmotivated student is being robbed of their chance to better themselves. There are a myriad of reasons why a student may become unmotivated in their studies—butRead MoreThe Theory Of Self Advocacy1162 Words   |  5 Pagesthe student with this specific skill. By utilizing a self-monitoring checklist, the student can take an active role in observing progress towards achievement of the goal. The concept of self-advocacy also can be expressed in the student’s selection of short term and long term goals which not only pertain to course selection and steps needed to achieve success in those courses but also how courses go hand-in-hand with the selection of his/her postsecondary environment (2 or 4-year college, vocational

Theme of Love in Much Ado and Twelfth Night - 1783 Words

AS English Literature – Unit 2 (Coursework) EXPLORATIVE STUDY Shakespeare’s Twelfth Night is studied and his Much Ado About Nothing is used to explore the theme of love. Performances are referred to. Shakespeares romantic comedies explore love, the â€Å"divine passion†, in all its moods and intensities. Most characters in these two plays are in love, find love or seek it. Twelfth Night, reputedly the most mature of Shakespeare’s romantic comedies, weaves several such love stories into an intricate collage to explore different types of love and its easy descent into pain or folly. John Gross, in a 1991 review of Twelfth Night in the Sunday Telegraph, said â€Å"Twelfth Night is about true love and its egocentric counterfeits.† Orsino’s†¦show more content†¦The Viola-Orsino and Benedick-Beatrice loves are comparable, since both are constant, clear-eyed, and more based on a weathered and thorough understanding of each other than on mere physical attraction – theirs is the ‘marriage of true minds’. Even true love could be silly though, as Kenneth Branagh, playing Benedick in his 1993 version, displays in his antics when bitten by the lovebug; Newsweek, in a 1993 review of this adaptation, aptly judged it as portraying â€Å"the absolute absurdity and absurd absoluteness of love.† In comparison, though Claudio is genuinely attracted to Hero, his love seems fickle, jealous and immature. Claudio, a ‘sensible’ conventional wooer, first verifies Hero’s social and financial compatibility (â€Å"Hath Leonato any son...?†), but their relationship lacks trust and instinctive understanding of each other. This is the reason Claudio believes Don John’s intrigue, though Hero, being sweet and submissive, remains true to him regardless of his treatment of her. Their union therefore seems less sound than Beatrice and Benedick’s and less acceptable to a modern audience, which is probably why, in the 2005 Shakespeare Retold version of Much Ado, Hero declines Claude’s second offer. Sebastian and Olivia’s love too, though true, doesn’t seem on par with the Viola-Orsino and Beatrice-Benedick loves in terms of depth and appreciation of each other. Despite falling in love in a flash and being united only by a â€Å"floodShow MoreRelatedThe Aspects of Love in Twelfth Night Essay633 Words   |  3 PagesThe Aspects of Love in Twelfth Night The main theme in Twelfth Night is love. It is announced at the beginning of the play ‘If music be the food of love play on’ and from this you know that love will be a main aspect in Twelfth Night. In Elizabethan time ‘love’ as we know it today was very different. You could not love anyone outside of your social status, marriages were almost always arranged on how the social status could improve the current standing of oneRead MoreCommon Features of a Shakespeare Comedy1745 Words   |  7 Pagesclever word play, metaphors and insults. 1. Love: The theme of love is prevalent in every Shakespeare comedy. Often, we are presented with sets of lovers who, through the course of the play, overcome the obstacles in their relationship and unite. Love in Shakespearean comedy is stronger than the inertia of custom, the power of evil, or the fortunes of chance and time. In all of these plays but one (Troilus and Cressida), the obstacles presented to love are triumphantly overcome, as conflicts areRead MoreEssay about Film Versions of Shakespeare Comedies2208 Words   |  9 Pagesadaptations of Shakespeare’s comedies, Trevor Nunn’s Twelfth Night and Kenneth Branagh’s A Much Ado About Nothing [‘Much Ado’]. Although both films can to an extent be seen as comedies with serious, almost tragic aspects inherent throughout, Nunn’s film deals with these serious facets as central to the depiction, whereas Branagh, although not entirely ignoring the deeper issues, prefers a more light-hearte d and visually attractive adaptation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Twelfth Night has been described as ‘like Hamlet in a comicRead MoreTwelfth Night by William Shakespeare Essays448 Words   |  2 PagesTwelfth Night by William Shakespeare The complex plot - full of mistaken identities, misdirected passions, high comedy, low tricks, and unexpected poignancy - begins as a ship, carrying the identical twins Viola and Sebastian is wrecked off the coast of a fictional country, Illyria. Viola is washed ashore on this alien coast and becomes convinced that her beloved brother is dead. She learns that she is near the home of Olivia, a young countess whoRead MoreThe Foolishness Of Love Is A Force That Exceeds Our Rational Judgment1440 Words   |  6 PagesViktoryia Hvozdz Professor Bradley Irish English 321 8 October, 2015 The Foolishness of Love Romantic love is a force that exceeds our rational judgment. Out of nowhere, it descends upon us and destroys our previous notions of ourselves, making us act in uncharacteristic ways. We do not choose whom and when to love; and falling in love reminds us of how little control we have over our lives. In spite of this, romantic love is often viewed today as a sure path to ever-lasting happiness. Shakespeare, howeverRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Much Ado About Nothing And King Lear3685 Words   |  15 PagesName: Instructors’ Name: Course: Date: Analysis of Shakespeare’s powerful female characters in the play â€Å"Much Ado about Nothing† and â€Å"King Lear Introduction Shakespeare is seen to value the role of women as his plays often portray women as heroines. These women have strong characters that endear them to readers. Readers in our current world, and especially women, are encouraged to be self-assertive in demand for equal treatment in our society. This has been the tradition for women in the WesternRead MoreShakespeare s Twelfth Night ( C. 1600-01 )2907 Words   |  12 PagesINTRODUCTION Twelfth Night (c. 1600-01) is a complicated play which deals with the nature of love, gender role and the intricate comic and tragic experiences of love. The characters have multiple layers of gender roles and sexual attractions which makes the issue of gender identity more complex. For example, Viola, the heroine of the play is dressed as a male, Cesario, throughout most of the play. As a male, Viola woos Olivia for Orsino, resulting in Olivia falling in love with Viola-as-Cesario.Read MoreNature of Shakespearean Comedy1436 Words   |  6 Pagesaction turns out happily for the chief characters. Abrams specifies several different types of comedy ‘within the broad spectrum of dramatic comedy’, including romantic comedy, satiric comedy, the comedy of manners, farce and ‘high’ and ‘low’ comedy. Much comedy, however- and this is particularly true of English works as opposed to the more genre-conscious productions of classical and French literature- is a mixture of many, if not all, these kinds. Verbal wit is often juxtaposed with the rough-and-tumbleRead MoreThe Dramatic Importance of Act 1 Scenes 1 and 2 of William Shakespeares Twelfth Night4384 Words   |  18 PagesThe Dramatic Importance of Act 1 Scenes 1 and 2 of William Shakespeares Twelfth Night The title Twelfth Night seems to suggest that Shakespeare, who wrote the play around 1602, wanted it to be performed on the twelfth day after Christmas; the festival of the Epiphany. This day formally marked the end of the Christmas season, which at the time was celebrated as a special festival. In addition to eating, drinking and generally over indulging, the performance of plays wasRead MoreThe Cohabitation Of Tragic And Comedy1830 Words   |  8 PagesHelen because we believe she deserves Bertram. But, comedy arises from watching her try to reach her goal. We are upset by the way Bertram treats Helen, but find amusement in his attempts to resist. It is through this that the plot develops and becomes much more interesting and complex than would otherwise have occurred. The audience’s expectations are also inverted as this play starts in the middle, not the beginning, of the comic cycle. We expect to open on a content social environment which will

Populist Dbq free essay sample

The success of industrialization put agriculture and farmers on the download, allowing the corporations to overtake the farmers. Since the government itself was also pro-business during this time, they could’ve cared less about the farmers. Farmers knew that industrialization had been successful during this time, this allowed them to modernize their farming techniques. Farmers began to use new farming machinery which made growing wheat much faster and efficient. The farmers had to buy new tools such as the thresher, which was very expensive. Farmers went to the banks to borrow money. Banks would take advantage of the farmers and raise the interest rates. This made the farmers fall into debt. Farmers began losing more and more money and were then forced their mortgages foreclosed on. Farmers became sort of like slaves to the banks. Banks eventually took away everything the farmers owned. (Doc. D) The farmers’ complaints were justified because of the bankers’ injustice toward the farmers. We will write a custom essay sample on Populist Dbq or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Bankers let them fall into debt with higher interest rates and then seized everything they owned. Just like the bank, railroad companies also scammed farmers. The railroads regularly used rebates and drawbacks to help win the business of large shippers. This made up a loss in profits which caused an increase in the cost to smaller shippers, such as farmers. The railroads also hurt farmers because in some cases the railroad company promised the farmer a set amount price. Like The Octopus, a farmer is promised a two-cent rate for shipping and then is demanded to give five cents (Doc. H). he farmers were just taken advantage of and that action was not justified. The farmer lost three more cents than expected and might cause him to fall into debt. After ripping-off the farmers, the railroad companies tried to justify their actions. George Parker testified that if local and cross-country shippers are not charged the same amount, the company will go bankrupt (Doc G). They tried justifying this practice by asserting that if they didn’t give rebates, they wouldn’t make enou gh profit to stay in business. The farmers were still justified in their complaints because it seriously wounded their profit by taking away that extra three cents, which could easily send a farmer into debt. The populist idea about free silver did not satisfy many people in the government and the economy, such as William McKinley. In his acceptance speech, McKinley states that free silver would not change anything. He believed that if the currency was based on silver; the hours, nor the pay or labor would become easier. It would not make farming more successful or more of a failure. He said that free silver would not be the solution to any of the farmers’ problems (Doc. B). However this opinion by William McKinley is not justified because it’s just an excuse to cover up the downfall that would be caused to big businesses if free silver would be used. Also since McKinley was a Republican and the Republican Party was pro-business and supported the currency of gold, they wouldn’t want to hurt the big businesses and instead help the farmers be released from debt. As time went on, the American farmers found it harder and harder to live happily. Crops such as cotton and wheat were selling at prices so low that it was nearly impossible for farmers to make a profit off them. Furthermore, improvement in transportation made it easier for foreign competition to gain an advantage, making it harder for American farmers to dispose of extra crops that had accumulated. Many railroads offered rebates and drawbacks to larger shippers who used their rails. Banks also increased their interest rates and took advantage of the farmers. With all of these setbacks and opposition, the farmers were justified to complain.